Análisis del efecto de la apertura económica sobre la pobreza y la desigualdad de ingresos en América Latina: Un análisis de panel 1990-2016.

Abstract

The paper estimated, using panel data econometrics, the effect of economics openness on poverty and income inequality for 18 Latin American countries over the period 1990-2016. The numerical results indicate that a higher degree of economic openness, measure both as the openness coefficient (exports plus imports over the GDP) and the mean imports tariffs, reduce poverty and reduce income inequality. It can be  said that the results are both significant from the point of view of the statistical analysis and the economics analysis. However, further research is needed in order to test if the results are robust to different estimation methodologies, different variables and different indexes.